The type of flow of a liquid depends upon the manner in which the particles unite and move. though there are many types of flows, yet the following are important: 1) Uniform flow : A flow, in which the liquid …
A body is said to move or vibrate with simple harmonic motion (SHM), if it satisfies following conditions: 1) Its acceleration is always directed towards the center as point of reference or mean position, and 2) Its acceleration is proportional …
The beam section in which the steel reinforcement is provided on both sides i.e. in tension as well as compression sides is called a doubly reinforced section. The doubly reinforced section is preferred in the following cases: 1) When the …
A cavity wall or hollow wall consists of two separate walls called leaves or skins with a cavity or gap in between. The cavity wall construction is an effective method of damp prevention, in which the main wall of building …
Generally, there are two types of foundation. 1) Shallow Foundation Some of its example are: a) Spread Footing b) Combined Footing c) Strap Footing d) Raft or mat Footing 2) Deep foundation Some of its example are : a) Pile …
1) Working Stress Method (WSM) This method is also know n as modular ration method or elastic methods. It is most popular and commonly used method for the design purpose. In this m,ethod the moment nad forces actin on a structure …
The flow net in the seepage of water through a soil medium is a network of flow lines and equipotential lines. The flow net is used to determine the seepage flow, hydro-static pressure, seepage pressure and exit gradient. A flow …
The underpinning is an arrangement of supports provided underneath the existing structures without disturbing its stability. The underpinning is required in the following situations: 1. When a building wit deep foundation is to be constructed to an existing buildings. 2) …
The bricks are classified as under: 1. First Class BricksThese bricks are well brunt having smooth and ecen surface with perfect rectangualr shape and uniform reddish colour. These bricks should not absorb water more than 20% of its own dry …
Triangulation In this process, all the angles and 1 baseline distance are measured in the field of a triangle.With the help of these measurements the side lengths are computed on the basis of measured angles applying sine law. TrilaterationIn this …